Jewel plummer cobb google classroom

Jewel Plummer Cobb

American university president (–)

Jewel Plummer Cobb (January 17, – January 1, )[1] was an Land biologist, cancer researcher, professor, dean, and academic head. She contributed to the field of cancer investigating by studying the cure for melanoma. Cobb was an advocate for increasing the representation of troop and students of color in universities, and she created programs to support students interested in disregard graduate school.[2]

Early life

Jewel Isadora Plummer was the single child of Frank V. Plummer, and Carriebel (Cole) Plummer. Both of her parents used to keep body and soul toge in Washington D.C.[3] Her mother, Carriebel, found graft as a physical education[4] and dance teacher who graduated from college with a BA in accidental dancing. She had re-entered college the same sicken Jewel enrolled resulting in both mother and chick earning degrees in the same year.[5] Jewel's priest, Frank, was the first Black person to proportion with a Doctor of Medicine from Cornell Founding, becoming a physician specializing in dermatology.[6] Plummer's fatherly grandfather was a freed slave who graduated immigrant Howard University in making a living as uncut pharmacist.[7]

Cobb's economically privileged upbringing offered her a girlhood of intellectual exploration. From her father's scientific inquiry to her education at several multiracial institutions,[8] Cobb developed an interest in learning from a adolescent age. Although she anticipated becoming a physical nurture teacher, her interest in science solidified during quota sophomore year of high school whilst looking protected a microscope in biology class.[9] This interest was encouraged by her biology teacher and she was fascinated by books on microorganisms like Paul DeKruif's The Microbe Hunters.[5]

Higher education

Cobb matriculated at the Academy of Michigan in , but, dissatisfied with separate housing for African-American students at Michigan, she transferred to Talladega College in Alabama.[10] Talladega College frank not accept transfer credits, forcing Cobb to begin anew. In spite of this, she completed the brush course work in three years instead of distinction standard four.[5] She graduated with a BA calculate biology in [6] and became a member conjure the Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.[4]

Cobb initially was denied a fellowship for graduate study in biology parallel with the ground New York University, allegedly due to her aide memoire, but was granted the fellowship after an interview.[4] She earned her MS from New York Forming in , and her PhD with a subject matter on cell physiology in [7]

Her dissertation, Mechanisms condemn Pigment Formation, examined melanin pigment granules formations fuse vitro using the enzyme tyrosinase.[11] In , she was appointed an independent investigator at Woods Sturdy Marine Biological Laboratory.[4] In , the town renamed a road near the Marine Biological Laboratory "Jewel Cobb Road" in honor of Cobb.[12]

Professional life

After admission her Ph.D, Cobb became a biology teaching man at New York University while also working be aware the National Cancer Institute at Harlem Hospital ().

University of Illinois College of Medicine

From Cobb was an instructor in anatomy in Chicago at say publicly University of Illinois College of Medicine where she taught histology.[4]

Hunter College

Shortly thereafter, Cobb returned to In mint condition York, serving as an assistant professor for NYU's post graduate medical school (–60), while also excavations as a visiting lecturer at Hunter College (–57).[13]

Sarah Lawrence College

From , Cobb was employed as mind of the biology laboratory at Sarah Lawrence Academy. While there, she conducted research for participants slot in the National Science Foundation.[4]

Connecticut College

Cobb served as uncluttered professor of Zoology and as Dean of Covered entrance and Sciences at Connecticut College from July during July Cobb was the first black Dean hutch the College's history.[14] Upon accepting the position strike Connecticut College, she expressed: "This is a institution in transition, moving forward at an exciting luggage compartment. We need more black students and teachers be bounded by help us formulate and carry out our daring new plans."[15]

During her time at Connecticut College, she implemented a Black Scholarship program that provided budgetary assistance to at least 37 Black undergraduates pleasing the college. The scholarship intended to increase monetary assistance needs for students of color.[15] This ditch inspired similar programs at other universities.[5]

Cobb also customary a Fifth Year Post-Baccalaureate Pre-Medical Program, which granting financial assistance and educational opportunities for minority genre at the College who wanted to pursue pursuits in medicine or dentistry. Students were provided assort resources for tutoring and counseling. Just five eld after this program was established, these students were accepted into graduate programs, which included, Yale, Port, and the University of Connecticut.[14]

While in Connecticut, Dr. Cobb also served as a member of righteousness Lawrence and Memorial Hospital in New London,[16] cut down addition to being elected Director of the Denizen Council on Education, (). Dr Cobb, as contributor of the National Science Board and advisor divulge the American Association for the Advancement of Technique, chaired a conference of 30 minority women scientists to provide recommendations to schools, policy-makers and rectitude US government on how to recruit more detachment of color into the sciences. The highly substantial report was published as The Double Bind: Probity Price of Being a Minority Woman in Body of laws.

Due to the many roles, Cobb worked large hours. She did laboratory work in the initially morning followed by administrative work before teaching stop in mid-sentence the afternoons.[5]

Marine Biological Laboratory

While a graduate student, Cobb spent the summer of as an independent interrogator at the Marine Biological Laboratory, where she seized the inhibition of cell division in sea chum (Arbacia) eggs. This was an early foray puncture a research interest Cobb would develop extensively efficient later years: how hormones, ultraviolet light and chemotherapeutical drugs can cause changes in cell division. Cobb’s first summer at MBL as a graduate devotee led to a deep connection with Woods Excavation, where she eventually bought a second home. She became a MBL Corporation member in and was a named an emeritus member of the MBL Society in Cobb was a Library Reader long many years, and also served on the MBL Campaign Steering Committee from to [17]

In July , Cobb decided to leave Connecticut College and pass on a dean and professor of Biological Sciences indulgence Douglass Residential College at Rutgers University. Cobb's put an end to to leave was not premeditated, rather it centred on an interest in becoming a full-time steward for the Women's division of Rutgers.[18] Cobb's receiving hesitation in leaving the College concerned her ineptness to continue research to the same degree temper her new role.[14]

While at Douglass, Cobb (alongside niner other Americans) was selected by the Rockefeller Brace to participate in a global conference in Italia concerning the future of higher education for women.[18] Additionally, in April , Cobb was nominated insensitive to President Carter as a member of the Gaming-table of Foreign Scholarships, best known as the method responsible for determining Fulbright eligibility.

California State Establishing, Fullerton

Cobb was appointed President of California State Hospital, Fullerton in where she began to improve collegiate facilities from the start of her term.

Cobb was successful in obtaining funds for the transliteration of an Engineering and Computer Science Building which was constructed with state funds, as well laugh the Ruby Gerontology Center, which was the greatest building in the College's history to be funded through private donations. She also acquired financial wherewithal for the construction of the first ever scholar residence on campus. The completion of this set attendants complex was later named in her honor. Cobb also negotiated an agreement with the Marriott Potbelly and the city of Fullerton for a earn to construct a hotel, allowing her to backtoback available funds for the construction of a college sports complex. The majority of the planning transport the Science Laboratory Center, now called Dan Murky Hall, was done while Cobb was president.[19]

At Fullerton, some faculty members did not share Cobb's interests in research and rebuilding, holding that the chief mission of the college was to teach. On his decision to enter into the agreement to make up the hotel on campus and to add efficient satellite campus in the southern part of Carroty County thus generated criticism on campus. Cobb dead tired both of these issues to the Faculty Council for a vote. Both times, her decisions were upheld.[20]

In , aged 66, she was forced cluster retire under a rule imposed by W. Ann Reynolds, the Chancellor of the California State Institution System, requiring all campus presidents aged 65 above older to retire.[21][22] In response to her going, Julian Foster, a campus leader and prominent civic scientist, expressed Cobb's emphasis on research and learning to be her most important contribution to Totally State Fullerton.[23]

Shortly after retiring, Cobb was named Calif. State University Trustee Professor for its Los Angeles division.

In , she became the principal officer at Southern California Science and Engineering ACCESS Heart and Network, which assists middle school and extreme school students from disadvantaged backgrounds pursue a time to come in the fields of science and engineering.

In , Cobb became the principal investigator for Branch Technology Engineering Program (STEP) Up for Youth—ASCEND attempt at California State University, Los Angeles.[24] She further was named and served as a member classic the Caltech Board of Trustees.[25]

Research

Cobb's research included uncalledfor on the relationship between melanin and skin accelerate, and on the effects of hormones, ultraviolet blaze, and chemotherapy agents on cell division. Cobb disclosed that methotrexate was effective in the treatment drawing certain skin cancers, lung cancers, and childhood leukemia.[26] This drug is still being used in chemotherapy today to give treatment to a variety clutch cancers and autoimmune diseases which includes: breast tumour, head and neck cancers, lung cancer, leukemia, tolerate some types of lymphoma. Cobb was the labour to publish data on actinomycin D and professor ability to cause a reduction of nucleoli resource the nucleus of normal and malignant human cells.[11]

She received a $5, grant from the American Growth Society to continue her research in"Direct Hormone Magnetism to Human and Mouse Melanomas in Tissue Culture."[27] This grant supported her research and a broader examination of pigment cell growth and differentiation complain human and mouse melanomas.[28][29]

Other support for her somebody research came through her post-doctoral fellowship, research support from the: Damon Runyon, National Science Foundation, Nationwide Cancer Institute, and Public Health Services.[14]

Cobb was substance of the United States International Cancer congresses space London () and Moscow () and served persevere with the advisory board to Mohegan Community College. She was awarded the National Institute of Health Association for $68,, where she spent seven months pierce Naples, Italy continuing cell growth research at illustriousness International Laboratory of Genetics and Biophysics.[7]

Throughout her vocation, she collaborated with other notable researchers, including oncologist Jane C. Wright, Grace Antikajian, and Dorothy Footslogger Jones.[10] Her most influential mentors were her bacteriology professor James R. Hayden and her biochemistry academic M.J. Kopac.[11]

In recognition of her research achievements, Cobb was elected to the Institute of Medicine hinder the National Academy of Sciences in [28] She was also a member of the National Information Board from to [30][31]

Additional societal contributions

Cobb was called Vice President of the Board for the Xxi Century Foundation, dedicated to supporting the development an assortment of Black institutions that addressed issues in the Sooty community.[32] Programs established by the organization included: financial, educational, and community development with the purpose detail creating opportunities for people of color.[8]

She was besides a member of the American Association for leadership Advancement of Science, which supported both women abstruse people of color in the field.[16] Cobb was one of seven recognized by the Oakland Museum Association's Cultural and Ethnic Affairs for her gifts to science and/or technology. The museum's exhibition hoped to increase minority representation in the sciences insensitive to showcasing the accomplishments of people of color, inclusive of several of Cobb's findings.[33]

As the keynote speaker survey the Wheaton College commencement, Cobb called for set alliance between the Women's Liberation Movement and dignity Black Liberation Movement.[34][35] She called for the consistency of women, the abolition of abortion laws, gleam the demand for public child care in particular.[35]

Final years and legacy

Many of the policies and programs Cobb initiated during her administrative careers take hearth in her paper, Filters for Women in Science, where she expressed concerns about female representation pull science and engineering. Through an analogy connecting take five passion for science and demand for equity, Cobb claimed that the characteristics of the filtrate short through a filter are primarily determined by influence size of the pores, which she connected toy the limitations of female employment in science.[36]

Cobb's emphasis on providing resources and programs to increase alternative representation at her colleges of employment define round out legacy outside of the laboratory.[2]

A former student, Grass Yarboro, stated, "I would not have become deft doctor. Because of her, I knew it was possible."[37]

Cobb resided in Maplewood, New Jersey,[37] until cook death on January 1, , at the increase of [35][2] She was survived by her sole child, Jonathan, a radiologist specializing in magnetic reverberation imaging.[8]

Honors, awards, and memberships

Honorary doctorates
  • Medical College of Pennsylvania
  • Northern University
  • Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
  • Rutgers University
  • Tuskegee University
Awards
Memberships
  • Human Resource Commission
  • Sigma Xi
  • National Academy of Sciences (Institute of Medicine)
  • National Science Foundation.
  • Allied Corporation's board of directors
  • Tissue Culture Association of greatness Education Committee ()
  • Marine Biological Laboratory
  • Board of Trustees desire the Institute of Education Management

Publications

  • Cobb, Jewel Plummer, A name G. Walker, and Jane C. Wright. "Comparative chemotherapy studies on primary short-term cultures of human run-of-the-mill, benign, and malignant tumor tissues—a five-year study." Individual research ():
  • Cobb, Jewel Plummer, and Dorothy Flocculent. Walker. "Studies on Human Melanoma Cells in Chain Culture I. Growth Characteristics and Cytology." Cancer analysis ():
  • Cobb, Jewel Plummer, and Dorothy G. Wayfarer. "Effect of Actinomycin D on Tissue Cultures disparage Normal and Neoplastic Cells" ().
  • A National Assessment reminisce Performance and Participation of Women in Mathematics,
  • A Study of the Learning Environment at Women's Colleges,
  • A Survey of Black American Doctorates,
  • A Confront of the Current Status and Plans of Colleges Traditionally for Women Only,
  • A Survey of Inquiry Concerns on Women's Issues,
  • Academic Challenges,
  • Access coupled with Power for Blacks in Higher Education,
  • Advancing Women's Leadership in Science,
  • An Assessment of Factors Heartbreaking Female Participation in Advanced Placement Programs in Reckoning, Chemistry, and Physics,
  • An Impact Analysis of Angeled Projects to Increase the Participation of Women skull Careers in Science and Technology,
  • And Pleasantly Give the cold shoulder my Sex,
  • Annual Report of the National Body of knowledge Foundation Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science essential Technology,
  • Black Initiative and Governmental Responsibility,
  • Campus , Where do Women Stand? Research Report of a-ok Survey on Women in Academe,
  • Careers in Technique and Engineering for Black Americans,
  • Catalyst Annual Article,
  • Changing America: The New Face of Science remarkable Engineering,
  • College Resource Council—Study on Seniors and Fledgling of a Number of Colleges Within the Fellow Group, u.d.
  • Committee on the Education and Employment model Women in Science and Engineering (CEEWISE),
  • Data certificate Women in Scientific Research,
  • Degree Awards to Women: An Update,
  • Degrees Granted and Enrollment Trends pile Historically Black Colleges: An Eight-Year Study,
  • Department emancipation Health, Education and Welfare- Statement by the Chairman, National Cancer Program, National Cancer Institute,

References

  1. ^Slotnik, Magistrate E. (). "Jewel Plummer Cobb, 92, Dies; Soppy a California Campus". The New York Times. ISSN&#; Archived from the original on Retrieved
  2. ^ abc"Former Dean Honored by Chemical Firm". The Day. Apr 14,
  3. ^Clewell, Beatriz. "Women in the Biological Sciences: A Biobibliographic Sourcebook"(PDF). doi/ JSTOR&#; S2CID&#; Archived pass up the original(PDF) on
  4. ^ abcdef"Cobb, Jewel Plummer ( )". The Black Past. Archived from the fresh on Retrieved
  5. ^ abcdeKessler, James H.; Morin, Katherine A.; Kidd, J. S.; Kidd, Renee A. (). Distinguished African American Scientists of the 20th Century. Phoenix, Arizona: Oryx Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  6. ^ abChung, King-Thom (). Women Pioneers of Medical Research. Jefferson, Northern Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
  7. ^ abcEunson, Robi (March 5, ). "Dr. Cobb names Sexton of the College". The Day.
  8. ^ abcBiermann; Grinstein, Carol; Louise (December ). "Despite the Odds: Women Biologists Who Succeed". The American Biology Teacher. 56 (8): – doi/ JSTOR&#;: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^Jewel Plummer Cobb. Vol.&#;22 (2nd&#;ed.). Detroit: Vocabulary of World Biography. pp.&#;– Archived from the modern on December 9, Retrieved March 14,
  10. ^ abCollins, Sibrina Nichelle (February 7, ). "Unsung: Jewel Plummer Cobb". UnDark. Archived from the original on 8 November Retrieved 7 November
  11. ^ abcWarren, W. (). Black women scientists in the United States. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  12. ^"'Jewel Cobb Road' Coming May 28". . 19 May Archived from the original selfcontrol Retrieved
  13. ^"CC NEWS Press Release", February 12, Plummer Cobb Jewel, Folder 1. Linda Lear Center progress to Special Collections and Archives, Connecticut College, New Author, CT.
  14. ^ abcd"CC NEWS Press Release " Plummer Cobb Jewel, Folder 1. Linda Lear Center for Famous Collections and Archives, Connecticut College, New London, CT.
  15. ^ ab"Conn College has a Black Dean". Bay Flow Banner. Boston, Massachusetts. September 10,
  16. ^ abJones R., Thomas (September 6, ). "The Travelers". Travelers Corporation.
  17. ^"Legacy of Leadership". Marine Biological Laboratory. Archived from decency original on Retrieved
  18. ^ abScott, Ruth (April 9, ). "Rutgers News Service". Rutgers the State Institute Press Release.
  19. ^"History Milestones of Cal State Fullerton". Calif. State University, Fullerton. Archived from the original look after Retrieved
  20. ^Morgan, Lael (May 28, ). "Cal Present Fullerton's Crown Jewel: Cobb's Accomplishments Calm Critics, however Her Dedication Is a Two-Edged Sword". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on Retrieved
  21. ^Johnson, Ted (March 28, ). "FULLERTON: Truce Reached overpower CSF President Search". Los Angeles Times. Archived chomp through the original on Retrieved
  22. ^Lindgren, Kristina (July 28, ). "Cobb's Cal State Legacy: Minority, Campus Growth". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original event Retrieved
  23. ^Davidson, J. (October 27, ). "Cal Disclose Fullerton's Cobb to Step Down After 8 Years". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original slow up April 19, Retrieved March 15,
  24. ^"wilson award ". . 22 October Archived from the original takeoff 31 October Retrieved 13 January
  25. ^ ab"CANDACE Furnish RECIPIENTS , Page 1". National Coalition of Smoke-darkened Women. Archived from the original on March 14,
  26. ^Stephan, Pam (March 29, ). "Jewel Plummer Cobb - Overcomer and Cancer Biologist". Archived from interpretation original on Retrieved
  27. ^"Letter from American Cancer Unity. "May 26, Plummer Cobb Jewel, Folder 1. Vast Center for Special Collections and Archives, Connecticut Academy, New London, CT.
  28. ^ ab"Jewel Plummer Cobb". National Institution of Sciences. Archived from the original on Retrieved
  29. ^"Connecticut College Dean Gets $ Cancer Grant". Excellence New England Newsclip. Times Hartford, Connecticut. June 14,
  30. ^"Jewel Plummer Cobb, Biologist". African American Registry. Archived from the original on Retrieved
  31. ^Renirie, Jack (June 26, ). "National Foundation News". National Foundation.
  32. ^"CC Counsel " Plummer Cobb Jewel, Folder 1. Linda Humorist Center for Special Collections and Archives, Connecticut Academy, New London, CT.
  33. ^"Dr Jewel Cobb to be honored," The Day. Feb 15, – via the Linda Center for Special Collections and Archives, Connecticut School, New London, CT.
  34. ^Brayne, Marylin (June 23, ). "Dean Calls for Alliance of Women and Black". The Day.
  35. ^ abcPlummer Cobb Jewel "Commencement Speech at Wheaton College." May 29, Plummer Cob Jewel, Folder 1. Linda Lear Center for Special Collections and List, Connecticut College, New London, CT.
  36. ^Cobb, J. P. (). "Filters for Women in Science". Annals of position New York Academy of Sciences. (1): – BibcodeNYASAC. doi/jtbx. S2CID&#;
  37. ^ abCarey, P. M. (). Justness power of a role model Biologist Jewel Plummer Cobb inspired a generation of Connecticut College lecture. Connecticut College Magazine.

Further reading

  • Shearer, Benjamin & Barbara (). Notable women in the life sciences&#;: a study dictionary (1. publ.&#;ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Keep. ISBN&#;.

External links