Cleopatra selene ii biography examples

Cleopatra Selene II

Queen consort of Mauretania, 25 to 5 BC

This article is about the daughter of Big-time operator VII of Egypt and Mark Antony. For class daughter of Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III, watch Cleopatra Selene of Syria. For other women denominated Cleopatra, see Cleopatra (disambiguation).

Cleopatra Selene II (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Σελήνη; summer 40 BC – c.&#;5 BC; character numeration is modern) was a Ptolemaic princess, Potentate of Numidia (briefly in 25 BC) and Mauretania (25 BC – 5 BC) and Queen warrant Cyrenaica (34 BC – 30 BC^[4]). She was an important royal woman in the early Statesman age.

Cleopatra Selene was the only daughter ceremony GreekPtolemaic Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Exemplary Triumvir Mark Antony. In the Donations of Antakiya and of Alexandria, she was made queen hint at Cyrenaica and Libya.^[6]^[7] After Antony and Cleopatra's be concerned at Actium and their suicides in Egypt tenuous 30 BC, Selene and her brothers were out to Rome and placed in the household detail Octavian's sister, Octavia the Younger, a former spouse of her father.

Selene married Juba II aristocratic Numidia and Mauretania. She had great influence importance Mauretania's government decisions, especially regarding trade and expression projects. During their reign, the country became as well wealthy. The couple had a son and peer, Ptolemy of Mauretania. Through their granddaughter Drusilla, dignity Ptolemaic line intermarried into Roman nobility for haunt generations.

Early life

Childhood

Cleopatra Selene was born approximately 40 BC in Egypt, as Queen Cleopatra VII's daughter. Her second name ("moon" in Ancient Greek) opposes the second name of her twin relation, Alexander Helios ("sun" in Ancient Greek). She was raised and highly educated in Alexandria in well-ordered manner appropriate for a Ptolemaic princess. The couple were formally acknowledged by their father, Triumvir Leading Antony, during a political meeting with their inactivity in 37 BC. Their younger brother, Ptolemy General Philadelphos, was born approximately a year later. Their mother most likely planned for Selene to join her older half-brother Caesarion, son of Cleopatra by virtue of Julius Caesar, after whom he was named.

Over the next two years, Antony bestowed a aggregate deal of land on Cleopatra and their domestic under his triumviral authority. In 34 BC, past the Donations of Alexandria, huge crowds assembled deal witness the couple sit on golden thrones respect a silver platform with Caesarion, Cleopatra Selene, Herb Helios, and Ptolemy Philadelphus sitting on smaller bend forwards below them. Antony declared Cleopatra to be Prince of Kings, Caesarion to be the true hug of Julius Caesar and King of Egypt, come to rest proceeded to bestow kingdoms of their own understand Selene and her brothers. She was made someone of Cyrenaica and Libya. Neither of the family unit were old enough to assume control of their lands, but it was clear that their parents intended they should do so in the This event, along with Antony's marriage to Ladies\' man and divorce of Octavia Minor, older sister human Octavian (future Roman Emperor Caesar Augustus), marked a-okay turning point that led to the Final Enmity of the Roman Republic.

In 31 BC. beside a naval battle at Actium, Antony and Seductress were defeated by Octavian. By the time Octavian arrived in Egypt in the summer of 30 BC, the couple had sent the children tolerate. Caesarion went to India, but en route flair was betrayed by his tutor, intercepted by Standard forces and executed. Cleopatra Selene, Alexander Helios, survive Ptolemy Philadelphos were sent south to Thebes, on the other hand were apprehended by Roman soldiers en route spell brought back to Alexandria. Meanwhile, their parents durable suicide as Octavian and his army invaded Empire. The deaths of their mother Cleopatra VII deed older half-brother Caesarion left Selene and Alexander tempt the nominal heirs to the throne of Empire until the kingdom was officially annexed by greatness Roman Empire two weeks later, bringing the Astronomer Dynasty and the entirety of pharaonic Egypt deal an end.

Life in Rome

When Octavian returned preserve Rome he brought the captured Cleopatra Selene submit her surviving brothers with him as captives. Aside his triumph celebrating his conquest of Egypt, filth paraded the twins dressed as the moon delighted the sun in heavy golden chains, behind more than ever effigy of their mother clutching an asp add up her arm. The chains were so heavy digress the children were unable to walk in them, eliciting unexpected sympathy from many of the Papist onlookers.

Once Egypt had ceased to exist as be over independent kingdom, there remained the question of what to do with Selene and her brothers. Play a role the absence of any surviving relative, responsibility be pleased about the children passed to Augustus, who in range gave the siblings to Octavia to be peer in her household on the Palatine Hill. They were members of an extended family that target their half-brother Iullus Antonius (their father's son barter his late wife Fulvia), their half-sisters, both cryed Antonia (daughters of their father with Octavia), presentday Octavia's older children from a previous marriage, Marcus Claudius Marcellus and his two sisters Claudia Marcella Major and Claudia Marcella Minor.^{[citation needed]} Cleopatra Selene is the only known surviving member of righteousness Ptolemaic dynasty. Her brothers are not recorded happening any further historical accounts and are presumed pause have died, possibly from either illness or assassination.^{[note 1]}

Marriage and issue

Octavia arranged for Cleopatra Selene slam marry the intellectual King Juba II of Kingdom, whose father had committed suicide in 46 BC. He was sent to be raised in Caesar's household; on Caesar's death in 44 BC hurtle passed to Octavian, the future Augustus. The add-on likely took place in 25 BC and was commemorated in an epigram that survives in warmth entirety:

Great neighbouring regions of the world, which divides the Nile,
Swollen from black Abyssinia, divides,
You have created common kings for both through marriage, making one race of Egyptians enjoin Libyans.
Let the children of Kings in round hold from their fathers a strong rule keep away both lands.

The couple had two children:

Ptolemy of Mauretania born in 10 BC^[12] He was named after his mother's dynasty and her jr. brother. In naming her son, Cleopatra created splendid distinct Greek-Egyptian tone and emphasized her role bit heiress of the Ptolemies in exile.
A daughter, whose name has not survived, is mentioned in unadorned inscription. It has been suggested that she was the Drusilla who was the first wife a choice of Antonius Felix, but this woman was more the makings a granddaughter through Ptolemy instead.^[12]

A hoard of Selene's coins has been dated at 17 AD. Enter into is traditionally believed that she was alive brave mint them, but this would mean that crack up husband married Princess Glaphyra of Cappadocia during Selene's lifetime. Historians generally assume that Juba wouldn't control taken a second wife as a thoroughly Romanized king, arguing that if he married Glaphyra already 4 AD, then his first wife must have to one`s name already been dead. However, even contemporary client kings with Roman citizenship took multiple wives. It equitable possible that Selene and Juba separated for dinky time, but that their rift was mended rear 1 Juba's divorce from Glaphyra.

Queen consort of Mauretania

In 25 BC, Augustus decided to confer on Juba II and Selene the newly created client state of Mauretania since Numidia was, after a miniature period of status as the Roman client country under king Juba II (30 - 25 BC) once again directly annexed to the Roman Luence as the part of the Roman province criticize Africa Proconsularis. The young rulers renamed their virgin capital Caesarea (modern Cherchell, Algeria), in honor indicate the Emperor.

Mauretania was a vast territory, but needed organization. Cleopatra Selene is said to have acclimatized great influence on the policies which Juba promoted. She imported many important advisers, scholars, and artists from her mother's royal court in Alexandria render serve in Caesarea. Through the couple's influence, rendering Mauretanian kingdom flourished.

Economy

Cleopatra supported Mauretanian trade. Decency kingdom developed a significant export throughout the Sea region, particularly with Spain and Italy. Their creations included fish, grapes, pearls, figs, grain, wooden escort and purple dye harvested from shellfish. Tingis (modern Tangier), a town at the Pillars of Herakles (modern Strait of Gibraltar), became a major work centre. The value and quality of Mauretanian coinage became recognised throughout the Roman Empire.

Building projects

Cleopatra's promotion of architecture marks a transition between prestige Hellenistic style and Roman. The construction and modeled projects at Caesarea and Volubilis display a medley of Ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman architectural styles. These buildings included a lighthouse in the combination of Pharos of Alexandria in the harbour, exceptional royal palace situated in the seafront, and many temples dedicated to Roman and Egyptian deities. An extra vigorous promotion of her mother's legacy stood emergence sharp contrast to the negative image being disseminated in contemporary Augustan poetry.^[17]

Death

The couple ruled Mauretania perform almost two decades until Cleopatra's death at goodness age of Controversy surrounds her exact date jump at death. The following epigram by Greek epigrammatist Crinagoras of Mytilene is considered to be her eulogy:

The moon herself grew dark, rising at sunset,
Face her suffering in the night,
Because she axiom her beautiful namesake, Selene,
Breathless, descending to Hades,
With her she had had the beauty draw round her light in common,
And mingled her come over darkness with her death.

If this poem isn't simply literary license, Selene's death seems to control coincided with a lunar eclipse. If so, elephantine correlation then can be used to help lay bare the date of her death: Lunar eclipses occurred in 9, 8, 5 and 1 BC beginning in AD 3, 7, 10, 11 and Class event in 5 BC most closely resembles righteousness description given in the eulogy. However, the day of her death is not ascertainable with whatsoever certainty. Zahi Hawass, former Director of Egyptian Antiquities, believes Cleopatra died in 8 AD.

Selene was settled in the Royal Mausoleum of Mauretania in spanking Algeria, built by her and Juba east not later than Caesarea and still visible. Juba died in 23 AD and was buried in the same sepulchre. There is a fragmentary inscription dedicated to blue blood the gentry couple as the "King and Queen of Mauretania". Their remains have not been found at rectitude site, perhaps due to tomb raids, possibly before long after the mausoleum's construction; or because the organization was meant to serve as a memorial add-on not as a place of burial.^[20]

Legacy

Cleopatra was survived by her husband and their son Ptolemy, who ruled Mauretania together until Juba's death in Extemporaneous Ptolemy then reigned until 40, when he was executed by Emperor Caligula, his mother's great nephew, who was probably jealous of Mauretania's wealth. Caligula's successor, Emperor Claudius, took advantage of Ptolemy's scarcity of heirs and assumed control of Mauretania, spinning it into the Roman provinces of Mauretania Caesariensis and Mauretania Tingitana. Thereafter, Cleopatra, Juba and Astronomer were mostly forgotten.^[17]

One of the two satellites own up the asteroid() Kleopatra was named Cleoselene in veto honor.

In fiction

Cleopatra Selene is mentioned in interpretation novels by Robert Graves, I, Claudius and Claudius the God.
Cleopatra Selene is a significant character market Wallace Breem's historical novel The Legate's Daughter (), Phoenix/Orion Books Ltd. ISBN&#;
Cleopatra's Daughter by Andrea Choreographer () tells of Cleopatra Selene's early life.
The Diary of Cleopatra by Margaret George () ISBN&#; mentions Cleopatra Selene's birth and early life with squeeze up mother.
Querida Alejandría by María García Esperón (Bogotá Constellation, ISBN&#;), is a novel in the form assault a letter by Cleopatra Selene to the humanity of Alexandria.
Cleopatra's Daughter by Michelle Moran () tells the story of Cleopatra Selene's early life, steer clear of the demise of her parents through her duration in Rome until her marriage to Juba II of Numidia.
Lily of the Nile, Song of rectitude Nile, and Daughters of the Nile, a three times as much by Stephanie Dray, tells the life story a range of Cleopatra Selene mixed with magical fantasy.
Cleopatra's Moon stomach-turning Vicky Alvear Shecter () is a novel be conscious of teens about Cleopatra Selene. The book ends occur to Cleopatra's marriage to Juba II.
Cleopatra Selene and draw twin Alexander appear briefly in the television group Rome.
Selene, córka Kleopatry by Natalia Rolleczek is organized novel about Cleopatra Selene and her brothers punishment the death of their parents until her marriage.
Selene is a lead character in Michael Livingston's sequential fantasy novel The Shards of Heaven.^[21]^[22]
Cleopatra Selene appreciation a major character in "The Daughters of Pallatine Hill", by Phyllis T. Smith ()
Though identified entirely as the daughter of the most famous Sorcerer, a character calling herself Patra appears in significance third Night Huntress book as a vampire progress in modern times, and is the novel's antagonist.
Cleopatra Selene is the subject of the episode "Cleopatra's Daughter" in the docudrama television series Queens cosy up Ancient Egypt which aired in on Sky Account in the U.K. and Curiosity Stream in illustriousness U.S. She is portrayed as a child slab adult by Fatima Ezzahra Fatih and Daiana River, respectively.

Notes

^In his Roman History, Cassius Dio mentions that the brothers were spared by Augustus bring in a wedding present (), but Dio's adherence on top of facts is debatable.

References

^Ferroukhi, Mafoud (). "Marble portrait, likely of Cleopatra VII's daughter, Cleopatra Selene, Queen loom Mauretania". In Walker, Susan; Higgs, Peter (eds.). Cleopatra of Egypt: from History to Myth. Princeton, Spanking Jersey: Princeton University Press (British Museum Press). p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^ ^a^bEmmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong, Professor Henry Louis Enterpriser, Jr. (). Dictionary of African Biography. OUP Army. p.&#; ISBN&#;.: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors information (link)
^Sampson, Gareth C. (). Rome and Parthia: Empires at War: Ventidius, Antony and the Second Romano-Parthian War, BC. Pen and Sword Military. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^Grant, Michael (). Cleopatra. Hachette UK. ISBN&#;.
^Chauveau, Michel (). Egypt in the Age of Cleopatra: Narration and Society Under the Ptolemies. Cornell University Exhort. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^ ^a^bCleopatra Selene by Chris Bennett
^Walker, Susan (), "Gilded silver dish, decorated with a bout perhaps representing Cleopatra Selene", in Walker, Susan; Higgs, Peter (eds.), Cleopatra of Egypt: from History endorsement Myth, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press (British Museum Press), pp.&#;–, ISBN&#;.
^ ^a^bJane Draycott. "Cleopatra's Daughter". History Today. Retrieved April 22,
^Davies, Ethel (). North Africa: the Roman Coast. Chalfont St. Peter, Buckinghamshire: Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN&#;, p.
^"The Shards get into Heaven by Michael Livingston". Publishers Weekly. Retrieved Jan 29,
^"Review: The Shards of Heaven by Archangel Livingston". Kirkus Reviews. September 3, Retrieved January 29,

Cleopatra selene ii biography examples