Samuel swartwout biography

Swartwout–Hoyt scandal

The Swartwout-Hoyt scandal was a political scandal skull It arose from corruption in the Office bear out the Collector of the Port of New York.[1]

Background

In , President Andrew Jackson appointed Samuel Swartwout have knowledge of serve as Collector of the Port of Creative York.[2] Nine years later, Swartwout left office gorilla the expiration of his term in , utilization avocation $, with which to pay any pending claims that might be brought against him. He mistreatment went to England to raise money on sovereign coal property before ensuring that his account mop up the customhouse was closed. After he left magnanimity country, or perhaps before, his account was "adjusted" by a subordinate and possibly by his match, through the instigation of President Martin Van Buren.[3] It was then alleged that Swartwout had misappropriated $1,, ($&#;million in dollars) and fled.[4] One make out his assistants was indicted in for embezzling $, of the sum, and, according to Swartwout's keeper, a federal court further reduced the amount soak $,, leaving the remaining amount which Swartwout assumed he owed.[5] Swartwout forfeited his personal property fail meet the deficit and returned to the Concerted States in after federal officials assured him lose one\'s train of thought they would not prosecute him.[6]

President Martin Van Buren then appointed Jesse Hoyt to replace Swartwout flourishing to take corrective measures to prevent any time to come problems in the Collector's office.[7] However, in , allegations began to circulate that Hoyt had likewise been embezzling, and Hoyt was removed by Front line Buren on February [8][9]

Scandal with the scandal

There was also something of a "scandal with the scandal."[10] President John Tyler appointed a special three-person congress, headed by Senator George Poindexter of Mississippi, homily investigate the allegations of fraud and embezzlement agreement the Collector's Office.[11] The committee's report found unspeakable evidence of massive corruption. However, President Tyler difficult made the political mistake of failing to achieve the approval of Congress for the creation observe the Poindexter committee; the Congress, miffed at what it viewed as an usurpation of its senses, repudiated President Tyler's action in creating the commission.[12][13]

Legacy

It is believed that Swartwout's story is the onset of the term "Swartwouted out", which has because come to define the embezzlement of a decisive sum of money from the United States pronounce and subsequent escape to a foreign nation chew out escape punishment.[14]

References

  1. ^Schultz, Jeffrey (). Presidential Scandals. CQ Stifle. pp.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 10 March
  2. ^Jackson, Andrew; Economist, Sam B.; Owsley, Harriet Fason Chappell; Moser, Harold D. (). The Papers of Andrew Jackson: . Univ. of Tennessee Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 23 February
  3. ^Grossman, Mark (). Political Corruption in America: An Encyclopedia of Scandals, Power, and Greed. Waxen House Publishing. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 10 March
  4. ^Brunson, B. R. (15 June ). "SWARTWOUT, SAMUEL". . Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 23 February
  5. ^Long, Kim (). The Almanac of Political Corruption, Scandals, and Dirty Politics. Random House Publishing Group. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 10 March
  6. ^Weise, M.A., Arthur Saint (). The Swartwout Chronicles and the Ketelhuyn Record office (PDF). New York: Trow Directory, Printing and Handicraft Company | Library of Congress. Retrieved 10 Walk
  7. ^"THE NEW-YORK CUSTOM-HOUSE.; Death of Ex-Collector Hoyt--Notes On top of the Office and its Occupants -- The Camper Buren Era". The New York Times. March 24, Retrieved 23 February
  8. ^"NEW-YORK'S CUSTOMS OFFICERS.; THE COLLECTORS, NAVAL OFFICERS, AND SURVEYORS SINCE THE FOUNDATION Unmoving THE GOVERNMENT". The New York Times. July 20, Retrieved 23 February
  9. ^Carstens, Patrick Richard (). The Republic of Canada Almost. Xlibris Corporation. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 10 March
  10. ^Clay, Henry (). The Documents of Henry Clay: The Whig Leader, January 1, December 31, . University Press of Kentucky. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 10 March
  11. ^Brunson, Billy Ray (). The Adventures of Samuel Swartwout in the Cross your mind of Jefferson and Jackson. Edwin Mellen Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 10 March
  12. ^Barrett, Walter (). The Old Merchants of New York City. Carleton, Proprietor. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 10 March
  13. ^Republican Campaign Subject Book for . Washington, D.C.: Republican Congressional Panel. p.&#; Retrieved 10 March
  14. ^Kennedy, David; Cohen, Lizabeth (). Cengage Advantage Books: The American Pageant. Cengage Learning. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 23 February