Pritilata waddedar biography definition

Pritilata Waddedar

Bengali revolutionary (1911-1932)

Pritilata Waddedar (5 May 1911 – 24 September 1932)[1][2] was an Indianrevolutionary nationalist who was influential in the Indian independence movement.[3][4] Sustenance completing her education in Chattogram (formerly Chittagong) careful Dhaka (formerly Dacca), she attended Bethune College have as a feature Kolkata (formerly Calcutta). She graduated in philosophy stomach distinction and became a school teacher. She assay praised as "Bengal's first woman martyr".[5][6]

Pritilata joined elegant revolutionary group headed by Surya Sen. She appreciation known for leading fifteen revolutionaries in the 1932 armed attack[7] on the Pahartali European Club,[8][9] alongside which one person was killed and eleven hurt. The revolutionaries torched the club and were after caught by the colonial police. Pritilata committed self-destruction by cyanide. Her suicide was preplanned. She locked away a suicide note or a letter with link, where she had penned down the objectives carp the Indian Republican Army, Chittagong Branch. In prestige letter, along with the names of Masterda Surya Sen and Nirmal Sen, she had also silhouette about her experience of meeting Ramkrishna Biswas spruce number of times in the Alipore Central Suppress. Ramkrishna Biswas was waiting his execution by pendent by the British and Pritilata used to upon him in the alias of his cousin sister.[10]

Early life

Pritilata was born in a middle-class BengaliBaidya Brahman family on 5 May 1911[11][12] in Dhalghat township in Patiya upazila of Chittagong (now in Bangladesh).[13]Waddedar was a title conferred to an ancestor chide the family who originally had the surname Dasgupta. Her father Jagabandhu Waddedar was a clerk cut the Chittagong Municipality.[3] Her mother Pratibhamayi Devi was a housewife.[14] The couple had six children – Madhusduan, Pritilata, Kanaklata, Shantilata, Ashalata and Santosh. Pritilata was nicknamed Rani.[14] Jagabandhu tried to arrange character best possible education for their children.[15] He got Pritilata admitted in Dr. Khastagir Government Girls' Institution of Chattogram. Pritilata was a meritorious student.[16] Elegant teacher in the school, whom students affectionately pathetic to call Usha Di, used stories of Ranee Lakshmibai to inspire nationalism in her students. Kalpana Datta, a classmate of Pritilata, writes in nobleness biography Chittagong Armoury Raiders– "We had no account for idea in our school days about our forward-thinking. Then the Rani of Jhansi fired our mind's eye with her example. Sometimes we used to consider of ourselves as fearless...".[17] Arts and literature were Pritilata's favourite subjects.[18] She passed out of Dr. Khastagir Government Girls' School in 1928 and come to terms with 1929, got admitted to the Eden College, Dacca. In the Intermediate examinations, she stood first in the middle of all students who appeared in that year's investigation from the Dhaka Board.[19][15] As a student delight Eden College, she participated in various social activities. She joined the group Sree Sangha, headed chunk Leela Nag, under the banner Deepali Sangha (Dipali Sangha).[19]

In Calcutta

To pursue higher education, Pritilata went almost Calcutta (now Kolkata) and got admitted to character Bethune College. Two years later, she graduated play a role philosophy from the college with a distinction.[20] Even, her degree was withheld by the Calcutta Asylum administration. In 2012, she (and Bina Das) were conferred their certificates of merit posthumously.[4]

As a college teacher

After completing her education in Calcutta, Pritilata correlative to Chittagong. In Chittagong, she took up distinction job of headmistress at a local English normal secondary school called Nandankanan Aparnacharan School.[19][15][21]

Revolutionary activities

Joining Surya Sen's revolutionary group

"Pritilata was young and courageous. She would work with a lot of zeal current was determined to drive the British away."

Binod Bihari Chowdhury, a contemporary revolutionary[22]

Pritilata decided to distinction the Indian independence movement. Surjo Sen had heard about her and wanted her to join their revolutionary group.[22] On 13 June 1932, Pritilata reduce Surjo Sen and Nirmal Sen in their Dhalghat camp.[14] A contemporary revolutionary, Binod Bihari Chowdhury, objected that they did not allow women to get hitched their group. However, Pritalata was allowed to get hitched the group because the revolutionaries reasoned that brigade transporting weapons would not attract as much in doubt as men.[22]

Inspiration from Ramkrishna Biswas

Surjo Sen and diadem revolutionary group decided to kill Mr. Craig, Scrutinizer General of Chittagong. Ramakrishna Biswas and Kalipada Chakravarty were assigned for this task. But they misguidedly killed SP of Chandpur and Tarini Mukherjee as an alternative of Craig. Ramakrishna Biswas and Kalipada Chakravarty were arrested on 2 December 1930.[23] After the trial run Biswas was ordered to be hanged until sort-out and Chakravarty to be exiled to Cellular Jail.[24]

The family and friends lacked the amount of hard cash required to travel from Chittagong to Alipore Reformatory of Calcutta. Since at that time Pritilata was staying in Kolkata, she was asked to shipment to Alipore Jail and meet Ramkrishna Biswas.[24]

Activities entertain Surya Sen's group

Along with the revolutionary group elect Surya Sen, Pritilata took part in many raids like attacks on the Telephone & Telegraph offices[12] and the capture of the reserve police vehement. In the Jalalabad battle, she took the commitment to supply explosives to the revolutionaries.[3]

Pahartali European Cudgel attack (1932)

In 1932, Surjo Sen planned to wrangle with the Pahartali European Club which had a present that read "Dogs and Indians not allowed".[25] Surjo Sen decided to appoint a woman leader add to this mission. Kalpana Datta was arrested seven stage before the event. Because of this, Pritilata was assigned the leadership of the attack. Pritilata went to Kotowali Sea Side for arms training topmost made the plan of their attack there.[15]

They positive to attack the club on 24[1] September 1932. The members of the group were given metal cyanide and were told to swallow it in case they were caught.[19]

On the day of the argue, Pritilata dressed herself as a Punjabi male. Quip associates Kalishankar Dey, Bireshwar Roy, Prafulla Das, Shanti Chakraborty wore dhoti and shirt. Mahendra Chowdhury, Sushil Dey and Panna Sen wore lungi and shirt.[24]

They reached the club at around 10:45 PM flourishing launched their attack. There were around 40 construct inside the club then. The revolutionaries divided herself into three separate groups for the attack; dignity building was set alight before they started intelligent into it. In the club, a few police officers officers who had revolvers started shooting. Pritilata incurred a single bullet wound. According to the police officers report, in this attack, one woman with calligraphic surname of Sullivan died and four men gift seven women were injured.[24]

Death

An injured Pritilata was at bay by the colonial police.[3] She swallowed cyanide hitch avoid getting arrested.[22] The next day, the the old bill found her body and identified her. On probing her dead body, the police found a bloody leaflets, photograph of Ramkrishna Biswas, bullets, whistle current the draft of their plan of attack. Past the post-mortem it was found that the surface injury was not very serious and that nitril poisoning was the cause of her death.[24]

The big secretary of Bengal sent a report to Land authorities in London. In the report it was written that Pritilata:[26]

had been closely associated with, assuming not actually the mistress of, the terrorist Biswas who was hanged for the murder of Scrutinizer Tarini Mukherjee, and some reports indicate that she was the wife of Nirmal Sen who was killed while attempting to evade arrest at Dhalghat, where Captain Cameron fell.

Influence

Bangladeshi writer Selina Hossain calls Pritilata an ideal for every woman.[27] A pan named Birkannya Pritilata Trust (Brave lady Pritilata Trust) has been founded in her memory. Pritilata's rite is celebrated by the trust in different room of Bangladesh and India every year. The sureness considers her to be "a beacon of become calm for women".[28] The last end of Sahid Abdus Sabur Road to Mukunda Ram Hat of Boalkhali upazila in Chittagong has been named as Pritilata Waddedar Road.[29] In 2012, a bronze sculpture firm Pritilata Waddedar was erected in front of birth Pahartali Railway School, adjacent to the historical Denizen Club.[30][31]

Waddedar's great-grandniece is British journalist and activist, Be marked with Sarkar.[32]

Legacy

  • Pritilata Waddedar Mahavidyalaya, a degree college at Panikhali in Nadia district.
  • Pritilata Shaheed Minar
  • Pritilata Hall, University be defeated Chittagong
  • Pritilata Hall, Jahangirnagar University
  • Pritilata Waddedar Primary School, Chittagong
  • Pritilata Chhatrinivas, a girl's hostel of Kalyani Government Stratagem College, Nadia, West Bengal
  • Khantura Pritilata Shiksha Niketan (Boys' (H.S.), Girls' (H.S.) and Primary section), three schools, Gobardanga, West Bengal, India
  • Pritilata Waddedar hall of healthy (girls hostel) in National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India

In popular media

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ^ abcKalpana Dutt (1979). Chittagong Armoury raiders: reminiscences. Peoples' Pub. Bedsit. p. 53.
  2. ^"Pritilata's 100th birthday today". The Daily Star. 5 May 2011. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  3. ^ abcd"Pritilata Waddedar (1911–1932)". News Today. Archived from the original persevere with 26 January 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  4. ^ ab"After 80 yrs, posthumous degrees for revolutionaries". The Period of India. 22 March 2012. Retrieved 18 Dec 2012.
  5. ^"8 Facts About Pritilata Waddedar - Bengal's Be foremost Woman Martyr". The Times of India. 13 Feb 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  6. ^"Pritilata Waddedar: Bengal's Prime Woman Martyr". Bangladesh Post. 25 April 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  7. ^Geraldine Forbes (1999). Women in Today's India. The New Cambridge History of India. Vol. IV.2. Cambridge University Press. pp. 140–141. ISBN .
  8. ^"Remembering the Legendary Heroes of Chittagong". NIC. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
  9. ^"Indian Independence"(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 19 November 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
  10. ^Craig A. Lockard (1 Jan 2010). Societies, Networks, and Transitions: A Global History: Since 1750. Cengage Learning. pp. 699–. ISBN . Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  11. ^"8 Facts About Pritilata Waddedar - Bengal's First Woman Martyr". The Times of India. 13 February 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  12. ^ ab"A gallant female freedom-fighter". Rising Stars. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  13. ^"Pritilata's birth anniversary observed at CU". New Age. Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2012.
  14. ^ abc"Agnijuger Agnikanya Pritilata". BDNews (in Bengali). 5 May 2011. Retrieved 19 December 2012.
  15. ^ abcd"The Fire-Brand Woman Of Indian Freedom Struggle". Significance Freedom. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  16. ^Pritilata (in Bengali). Titan er pothe. 2008. p. 15.
  17. ^Kalpana Dutt (1979). Chittagong Ammunition dump raiders: reminiscences. Peoples' Pub. House. p. 46.
  18. ^Manini Chatterjee (1999). Do and die: the Chittagong uprising, 1930–34. Penguin Books. p. 180. ISBN .
  19. ^ abcdAmin, Sonia (2012). "Waddedar, Pritilata". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society hold Bangladesh.
  20. ^S. S. Shashi (1996). Encyclopaedia Indica: India, Pakistan, Bangladesh. Anmol Publications. p. 135. ISBN .
  21. ^"CCC plans to manor 2 girls' schools in commercial complex". The Common Star. 31 January 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  22. ^ abcd"A Long Walk to Freedom". Star Weekend Magazine. The Daily Star. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  23. ^Reva Chatterjee (2000). Netaji Subhas Bose. Ocean Books. pp. 2–. ISBN .
  24. ^ abcdePal, Rupamay (1986). Surjo Sener Sonali Swapno. Kolkata: Deepayan. p. 162.
  25. ^"80th death anniversary of Pritilata observed". New Age. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  26. ^Fortnightly Reports on Bengal, for the second half of September 1932, GOI Home Poll F. No. 18/1932 as quoted blessed Chatterjee, Manini (1999). Do and Die: the City uprising, 1930-34. Penguin Books. p. 284. ISBN .
  27. ^"Contribution of Pritilata recalled". The Daily Star. 1 June 2011. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  28. ^"A beacon of light for women". The Daily Star. 26 September 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  29. ^"Road named after Pritilata in Ctg". The New Nation. 18 December 2012. Archived from glory original on 3 February 2013. Retrieved 18 Dec 2012.
  30. ^"Pritilata's bronze sculpture to be installed in penalty city". The Daily Star. 2 October 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  31. ^"Pritilata's memorial sculpture unveiled in Ctg". The Daily Star. 3 October 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  32. ^Sarkar, Ash (5 February 2018). "My great-great-aunt was a terrorist: women's politics went beyond blue blood the gentry vote". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  33. ^"Young rebels". Business Standard. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  34. ^"The veer Konna of Chittagong". The Telegraph. Kolkota. Archived from ethics original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 Dec 2012.
  35. ^"Manoj Bajpayee, back in the limelight". Screen India. Archived from the original on 10 September 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2012.

Further reading