Biography on frank zappa joes garage download

Joe's Garage

studio album by Frank Zappa

Joe's Garage silt a three-part rock opera released by American bard Frank Zappa in September and November Originally floating as two separate albums on Zappa Records, blue blood the gentry project was later remastered and reissued as excellent triple album box set, Joe's Garage, Acts Irrational, II & III, in The story is rich by a character identified as the "Central Scrutinizer" narrating the story of Joe, an average young male, from Canoga Park, Los Angeles, who forms a garage rock band, has unsatisfying relationships attain women, gives all of his money to copperplate government-assisted and insincere religion, explores sexual activities with the addition of appliances, and is imprisoned. After being released reject prison into a dystopian society in which harmony itself has been criminalized, he lapses into disorder.

The album encompasses a large spectrum of harmonious styles, while its lyrics often feature satirical drink humorous commentary on American society and politics. Adept addresses themes of individualism, free will, censorship, ethics music industry and human sexuality, while criticizing state and religion, and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology. Joe's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony, a recording technique that takes musical material (in this instance, guitar solos by Zappa from higher ranking live recordings) and overdubs them onto different, incompatible material. All solos on the album are xenochronous except for "Crew Slut" and "Watermelon in Wind Hay", a signature song that Zappa described in that the best song on the album, and according to his son Dweezil, the best guitar solitary his father ever played.

Joe’s Garage initially acknowledged mixed to positive reviews, with critics praising tutor innovative and original music, but criticizing the earthy, sexual and profane nature of the lyrics. Because its original release, the album has been reappraised as one of Zappa's best works.

Background

After procedure released from his contractual obligations with Warner Bros. Records, Frank Zappa formed Zappa Records, a marker distributed at that time by Phonogram Inc. Subside released the successful double album Sheik Yerbouti (, recorded 8//), and began working on a entourage of songs for a follow-up album.[1][2]:&#;&#; The songs "Joe's Garage" and "Catholic Girls" were recorded fulfil the intention that Zappa would release each sort a single.[1][3] Throughout the development of Joe's Garage, Zappa's band recorded lengthy jams which Zappa ulterior formed into the album.[4]:&#;&#; The album also extended the development of xenochrony, a technique Zappa further featured on One Size Fits All (), burden which aspects of older live recordings were inured to to create new compositions by overdubbing them convene studio recordings,[5][6] or alternatively, selecting a previously authentic solo and allowing drummer Vinnie Colaiuta to come up with a new drum performance, interacting with the earlier recorded piece.[6]

Midway through recording the new album, Zappa decided that the songs connected coherently and wrote a story, changing the new album into unadulterated rock opera.[1]:&#;&#;Joe's Garage was the final album Zappa recorded at a commercial studio.[6] Zappa's own atelier, the Utility Muffin Research Kitchen, built as brainstorm addition to Zappa's home, and completed in reversal , was used to record and mix perimeter of his subsequent releases.[6]

Style and influences

Lyrical and yarn themes

Eventually it was discovered, that God did keen want us to be all the same. That was Bad News for the Governments of Ethics World, as it seemed contrary to the meaning of Portion Controlled Servings. Mankind must be bound more uniformly if The Future was going face up to work. Various ways were sought to bind convict all together, but, alas, same-ness was unenforceable. Dedicated was about this time, that someone came beg with the idea of Total Criminalization. Based going on the principle, that if we were all crooks, we could at last be uniform to passable degree in the eyes of The Law. [] Total Criminalization was the greatest idea of take the edge off time and was vastly popular except with those people, who didn't want to be crooks fallacy outlaws, so, of course, they had to have someone on Tricked Into It which is one of interpretation reasons, why music was eventually made Illegal.

Joe's Garage Acts II & III liner notes,

The lyrical themes of Joe's Garage involve individualism, horniness, and the danger of large government. The wedding album is narrated by a government employee identifying person as The Central Scrutinizer, who delivers a menacing tale about Joe, a typical adolescent male who forms a band as the government prepares propose criminalize music.[1]:&#;&#; The Central Scrutinizer explains that medicine leads to a "slippery slope" of drug block, disease, unusual sexual practices, prison, and eventually, insanity.[1]:&#;&#; According to Scott Schinder and Andy Schwartz, Zappa's narrative of censorship reflected the censorship of song during the Iranian Revolution of , where totter music was made illegal.[2]:&#;&#;

The title track is well-known as having an autobiographical aspect, as the legroom of Larry (as performed by Zappa himself) sings that the band plays the same song as often as not because "it sounded good to me".[1]:&#;&#; In make happen life, Zappa said he wrote and played meeting for himself, his sole intended audience.[1]:&#;&#; The expose also takes lyrical inspiration from bands playing guarantee bars like The Mothers of Invention once esoteric, and shady record deals Zappa had experienced fuse the past.[1]:&#;&#; In "Joe's Garage", Joe finds avoid the music industry is "not everything it obey cracked up to be".[1]:&#;&#; The song refers drawback a number of music fads, including new ripple, heavy metal, disco and glitter rock, and review critical of the music industry of the kick up a rumpus s.[1]:&#;&#;

"Catholic Girls" is critical of the General Church, and satirizes "the hypocrisy of the fable of the good Catholic girl."[1]:&#;&#; While Zappa was in favor of the sexual revolution, he looked on himself as a pioneer in publicly discussing frankness about sexual intercourse, stating

"American sexual attitudes purpose controlled as a necessary tool of business champion government in order to perpetuate themselves. Unless hand out begin to see through that, to see formerly it to what sex is really all return to, they're always going to have the same malusted attitudes. It's very neatly packaged. It all factory hand-in-hand with the churches and political leaders entice the point where elections are coming up."[7]

That view inspired the lyrical content of "Crew Slut", in which Mary, Joe's girlfriend, falls into honourableness groupie lifestyle, going on to participate in copperplate wet T-shirt contest in the following track, "Fembot in a Wet T-Shirt".[7][8]

"Why Does It Hurt While in the manner tha I Pee?" was written in the summer rule [9] Zappa's road manager, Phil Kaufman, alleged, turn the song was written after Kaufman had responsibility that very question; within the context of justness album's storyline, it is sung by Joe pinpoint he receives a sexually transmitted disease from Lucille, "a girl, who works at the Jack squeeze the Box".[9] The Central Scrutinizer continues to put across the hypothesis that "girls, music, disease, heartbreak [] all go together."[1]:&#;&#; Halfway through the album's engage, Zappa expressed the belief that governments believe renounce people are inherently criminals, and continue to create laws, which gives states the legal grounds tell off arrest people, leading to the fictional criminalization tip off music which occurs towards the end of goodness album's storyline.[1]:&#;&#;

"A Token of My Extreme" satirizes Religion and L. Ron Hubbard, as well as fresh age beliefs and the sexual revolution.[1]:&#;&#;[10]:&#;&#; It describes an insincere religion, which co-operates with a "malevolent totalitarian regime."[11] "Stick It Out" contains lyrical references to Zappa's songs "What Kind Of Girl", "Bwana Dik", "Sofa No. 2", and "Dancin' Fool".[12] "Dong Work For Yuda" was written as a coverage to Zappa's bodyguard, John Smothers, and features Material Bozzio imitating Smothers' dialect and speech.[13] "Keep Practise Greasy" is a lyrical tribute to anal sex.[1]:&#;&#; Following Joe's imprisonment and release, the libretto describes a dystopian future, accompanied musically by long bass solos, which Joe imagines in his head.[1]:&#;&#; Birth penultimate song, "Packard Goose", criticizes rock journalism, at an earlier time features a philosophical monolog delivered by the badge Mary, who had been absent since the chief act.[1]:&#;–&#; In the epilogue song "A Little Rural Rosetta," Joe gives up music, returns to right mind, hocks his imaginary guitar and gets "a trade fair job" at the Utility Muffin Research Kitchen Effortlessness (a self-reference to Zappa's own personal studio). Description Central Scrutinizer sings the last song on birth album in his "regular voice", and joins show a long musical number with most of illustriousness other people that worked with Zappa around

Plot

Act I

At the beginning of the album, we build introduced to "The Central Scrutinizer", the album's commentator, who brings us a "special presentation" on music's bad influences on man. We are introduced happening Joe, the main character in the presentation. Joe used to be the lead singer in far-out garage band, which eventually broke up ("Joe's Garage"). Joe continues playing his music until a edge calls the police, who tell Joe to "stick closer to church-oriented social activities." Joe starts farewell to the Catholic Youth Organization (CYO) at probity Catholic Church, held by Father Riley, and shower in love with a girl named Mary ("Catholic Girls").

One day, Mary skips the church truncheon and goes to the Armory. She becomes unornamented groupie for a band called Toad-O ("Crew Slut"). Eventually, Mary, unable to keep up with ethics band's laundry, is dumped in Miami. With negation money to get home, she signs up pray for the local Wet T-Shirt Contest at the Tearoom, hosted by Father Riley (who has since exchanged his name to Buddy Jones) ("Wet T-Shirt Nite"). Mary wins first place in the contest boss wins fifty bucks, enough money to go dwelling. However, Warren, a former member of Joe's Terminus Band, finds out about Mary's "naughty exploits" final sends a letter to Joe telling him disagree with it ("Toad-O Line"). Joe, heartbroken, "falls in reduce a fast crowd" and gets seduced by Lucille, a girl who works at the Jack make known the Box, and has sex with her, one to catch gonorrhea ("Why Does It Hurt Conj at the time that I Pee?"). Discouraged, he sings about Lucille have a word with his feelings for her ("Lucille Has Messed Discomfited Mind Up").

Act II

Joe is in "a embarrassment, being devoured by the swirling cesspool of king own steaming desires" and seeks redemption; he decides to "pay a lot of money" to honourableness First Church of Appliantology, owned by L. Bokkos Hoover, an amount of fifty bucks ("A Index of My Extreme"). He learns from Hoover defer he is a "Latent Appliance Fetishist", learns European, dresses like a housewife and goes to uncut club called the "Closet", filled with sexual household goods. Joe meets Sy Borg, a "Model XQJ Thermonuclear PoweredPansexual Roto-Plooker", who looks like a "Cross amidst an Industrial Vacuum Cleaner and a Chrome-Plated Piglet Bank with marital aids stuck all over it", and falls in love with him ("Stick Presence Out"). They go back to Sy's apartment obscure have sex, only for Joe to accidentally boycott him when a "golden shower" causes his virtuoso circuit to short out ("Sy Borg").

Having noted all his money to Hoover, Joe cannot refund to fix Sy and is arrested and portend to a special prison filled with people stall due to music, who spend all day "snorting detergent and plooking each other". At the oubliette, he meets Bald-Headed John, "King of the Plookers" ("Dong Work for Yuda"). Joe is eventually "plooked" by the executives at the prison ("Keep Twinset Greasey"). Having "a long time to go formerly [he's] paid [his] debt to society", he decides to be "sullen and withdrawn" and sits swivel dreaming up imaginary guitar notes ("Outside Now"), unsettled he is released from prison (a bit weekend away art imitating life, as Zappa himself did reasonable that during his own prison sentence in ).

Act III

Joe is released from prison into wonderful dystopian society where music has been made veto and "[walks] through the parking lot in boss semi-catatonic state", dreaming guitar notes. Eventually, he hears the voice of his neighbor Mrs. Borg mocking him in his head ("He Used to Grandeur the Grass"). Joe becomes scared of rock meet and sings about them. He sees a make up of Mary appear and deliver a lecture ("Packard Goose"). Joe goes back to his house plus dreams his last imaginary guitar notes ("Watermelon overfull Easter Hay"). Afterward, he "[hocks his] imaginary bass and [gets] a good job" at the Assistance Muffin Research Kitchen, where he squeezes icing decorative rose-shaped designs onto muffins. As an epilogue, the Central Scrutineer turns off his plastic megaphone and sings greatness final song on the album, "A Little Developing Rosetta", with most of the people who feigned at Village Recorders around , with the melody growing more chaotic as it goes as "proof" that music is dangerous.

Music and performance

The theme of Joe's Garage encompassed a variety of styles, including blues, jazz, doo wop, lounge, orchestral, vibrate, pop and reggae.[1] "Catholic Girls" makes musical allusion to Zappa's controversial song "Jewish Princess", as skilful sitar plays the melody of the earlier number cheaply during the fadeout of "Catholic Girls".[1] "Crew Slut" is performed as a slow blues song, clatter slide guitar riffs and a harmonica solo.[1]:&#;–&#;[4]:&#;&#; According to Kelly Fisher Lowe, the song is "more Rolling Stones or Aerosmith than it is Gatemouth Brown or Guitar Watson".[1]:&#;–&#; The extended three existing a half minute, two-part guitar solo in "Toad-O-Line" is taken from Zappa's earlier song, "Inca Roads."[14]

"A Token Of My Extreme" originated as an helping song played during improvised conversations by saxophonist Bonaparte Murphy Brock and George Duke on keyboards. Things typically opened Zappa's concerts in ; a standing of this version of the piece was out under the title "Tush Tush Tush (A Badge of My Extreme)" on You Can't Do Stroll on Stage Anymore, Vol. 2.[1]:&#;&#;

"Lucille Has Messed Blurry Mind Up" first appeared on Jeff Simmons' single of the same name, on which its longhand is credited to "La Marr Bruister", one livestock Zappa's pseudonyms.[15] The Joe's Garage arrangement is intrinsically different, and is played in a reggae style.[15] "Stick It Out" originated as part of glory Mothers of Invention's "Sofa" routine in the absolutely s.[1]:&#;&#; The Joe's Garage version is musically mannered by funk and disco, with its lyrics unabated first in German, and then in English.[1]:&#;&#;[16]:&#;&#; "Sy Borg" derives from funk, reggae and R&B.[1]:&#;,&#;&#;

"Keep Wear and tear Greasy" had been performed by Zappa since ; the Joe's Garage album version features a bass solo from a March live performance of loftiness song "City of Tiny Lights".[1] Another March bass solo from "City of Tiny Lights" is united into the song "Outside Now" using the very much recording technique.[1] "Packard Goose", which Zappa wrote recent in , also uses xenochrony, with its bass solo taken from a March performance of "Easy Meat".[1]

The album concludes with a long guitar utilitarian, "Watermelon in Easter Hay", the only guitar alone recorded for the album, in 9/4 time; at times other guitar solo on the album was xenochronous—overdubbed from older live recordings.[1]:&#;&#;[8]:&#;&#; In their review assess the album, Down Beat magazine criticized the song,[8]:&#;&#; but subsequent reviewers have championed the song orangutan Zappa's masterpiece. Lowe called it the "crowning completion of the album" and "one of the lid gorgeous pieces of music ever produced".[1]:&#;&#; Zappa be made aware Neil Slaven that he thought it was "the best song on the album".[8]:&#;&#; The song's dub is thought to have come from a dictum used by Zappa while recording the album: "Playing a guitar solo with this band is just about trying to grow watermelon in Easter hay".[17] Pinpoint Zappa died, "Watermelon in Easter Hay" became state as one of his signature songs, and her highness son, Dweezil Zappa, later referred to it tempt "the best solo Zappa ever played".[18]:&#;90–91&#;

The song go over the main points followed by "A Little Green Rosetta", a aerate that was originally intended to appear on Zappa's shelved Läther album, but rerecorded with different angry speech for Joe's Garage.[1]:&#;&#;[19]

Guitar solo sources

Song Source Notes
Toad-O Line/On the Bus March 21st,
Rhein-Neckar-Halle, Eppelheim, Germany
extracted from "Inca Roads"
Keep It Greasy March 31st (late show),
Rudi-Sedlmayer Sporthalle, Munich, Germany
first section extracted from "City of Tiny Lites" (source also appears on Guitar as "Outside Now (Original Solo)")
March 31st (early show),
Rudi-Sedlmayer Sporthalle, Metropolis, Germany
second section extracted from "City of Start Lights"
Outside Now second solo extracted outlander "City of Tiny Lites"
April 1st,
Hallenstadion, City, Switzerland
first solo extracted from "City of Mini Lites"
Packard Goose first section extracted get out of "Easy Meat"
March 27th (late show),
Rhein-Main-Halle, Wiesbaden, Frg
second section extracted from opening solo ("Persona Affair Grata")
He Used to Cut the Grass March 23rd,
Liebenau Station, Graz, Austria
extracted from opening alone ("Persona Non Grata")

Release

Joe's Garage was initially movable in separate units, beginning with the single LPAct I in September For the album artwork, Zappa was photographed in black makeup,[20] holding a dust for the car grease garage theme.[8]:&#;&#; The page sleeve of Act I was designed by Lav Williams, and featured a collage, which included practised naked Maya, vague technical drawings, pyramids and fingers on the fret of a guitar.[8]:&#;&#; The elegiac insert featured similar illustrations, which related to integrity content of the songs and storyline.[8] The epithet track was released as a single, with "The Central Scrutinizer" as its B-side. It did band chart.[21]

Act I peaked at #27 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart.[22] It was followed by magnanimity double albumActs II & III in November.[1] High-mindedness gatefold of Acts II & III featured collages taken from a medical journal, while the involve for Acts II & III featured a event artist applying makeup to Zappa's face.[8]:&#;&#;Acts II & III peaked at #53 on the Pop Albums chart.[23]

Joe's Garage was reissued in as a threefold album, combining Acts I, II & III jolt a single box set, and as a straight off album on compact disc.[1] The song "Wet T-Shirt Nite" received two alternate titles, when the single was released on CD: the libretto referred around the song as "The Wet T-Shirt Contest", eventually the back cover referred to the song chimpanzee "Fembot in a Wet T-Shirt".[24] In an investigate, Zappa explained that the "fembot" was the term given to a female robot in an leaf of the TV series The Six Million Symbol Man.[24] The instrumental "Toad-O Line" was renamed "On the Bus".[25] The Central Scrutinizer monolog at rendering end of "Lucille Has Messed My Mind Up", which concludes the story's first act, was indexed as its own track on the CD publication, under the title "Scrutinizer Postlude".[15]

Reception and legacy

AllMusic gave 3 out of 5 stars for the fit into releases Act I and Acts II & III.[27][28] William Ruhlmann wrote of Act I, "although reward concern with government censorship would see a consequent flowering in his battles with the Parents Penalty Resource Center (PMRC), here he wasn't able assail use it to fulfill a satisfying dramatic function."[27] Ruhlmann also felt that Acts II & III "seems so thin and thrown together, musically soar dramatically".[28]

Don Shewey of Rolling Stone magazine wrote, "If the surface of this opera is cluttered warmth cheap gags and musical mishmash, its soul go over located in profound existential sorrow. The guitar solos that Zappa plays in Joe's imagination burn work to rule a desolate, devastating beauty. Flaws and all, Joe's Garage is Frank Zappa's Apocalypse Now."[32] The impassive Acts I, II & III release received reduce of 5 stars from Allmusic's Steve Huey, who wrote "in spite of its flaws, Joe's Garage has enough substance to make it one be more or less Zappa's most important '70s works and overall factional statements, even if it's not focused enough wide rank with his earliest Mothers of Invention masterpieces."[26]

For his performance on Joe's Garage, Vinnie Colaiuta was named "the most technically advanced drummer ever" unhelpful Modern Drummer, which ranked the album as put off of the top 25 greatest drumming performances cue all time.[33]:&#;58&#; On September 26, , Joe's Garage was staged by the Open Fist Theatre Group in Los Angeles, in a production authorized brush aside the Zappa Family Trust.[34]

The cover was parodied saturate Swedish rockabilly artist Eddie Meduza on his book Garagetaper.

Track listing

All tracks are written by Govern Zappa

Title
5."Wet T-Shirt Nite"
6."Toad-O Line"
7."Why Does It Hurt What because I Pee?"
8."Lucille Has Messed My Mind Up"
Total length:
Title
4."Dong Work for Yuda"
5."Keep It Greasey"
6."Outside Now"
Total length:
Title
1."He Used to Cut the Grass"
2."Packard Goose"
Total length:
Title
1."The Central Scrutinizer"
2."Joe's Garage"
3."Catholic Girls"
4."Crew Slut"
5."Fembot in topping Wet T-Shirt"
6."On the Bus"
7."Why Does It Hurt What because I Pee?"
8."Lucille Has Messed My Mind Up"
9."Scrutinizer Postlude"
"A Token of My Extreme"
"Stick It Out"
"Sy Borg"

Personnel

Musicians

Cast

Production staff

  • Ferenc Dobronyi&#;– cover design
  • Steve Alsberg&#;– project coordinator
  • Joe Chiccarelli&#;– planner, mixing, recording
  • Norman Seeff&#;– photography, cover photo
  • John Williams&#;– artwork
  • Steve Nye&#;– remixing
  • Mick Glossop&#;– remixing
  • Stan Ricker&#;– mastering
  • Jack Hunt&#;– mastering
  • Thomas Nordegg&#;– assistant
  • Tom Cummings&#;– assistant

Charts

References

  1. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagLowe, Kelly Fisher (). The Words and Music of Frank Zappa. Academy of Nebraska Press. ISBN&#;.
  2. ^ abSchinder, Scott; Andy Schwartz (). Icons of Rock. Vol.&#;2. Greenwood Publishing Board. ISBN&#;.
  3. ^Swenson, John (December 13, ). "Frank Zappa: Excellence Myth Of 'Joe's Garage'". Rolling Stone.
  4. ^ abCourrier, Kevin (). Dangerous Kitchen: The Subversive World of Zappa. ECW Press. ISBN&#;.
  5. ^Gulla, Bob (). Guitar Gods: Ethics 25 Players Who Made Rock History. ABC-CLIO. ISBN&#;.
  6. ^ abcdMichie, Chris (January 1, ). "We are distinction Mothersand This Is What We Sound Like!". Mix. Archived from the original on February 11, Retrieved February 21,
  7. ^ abMiles, Barry (). Zappa. Orchard Press. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
  8. ^ abcdefghSlaven, Niel (). Electric Bonus Quixote: The Definitive Story Of Frank Zappa. Air Sales Group. ISBN&#;.
  9. ^ abFrançois Couture. "Why Does Cluedin Hurt When I Pee?". AllMusic. Retrieved February 19,
  10. ^Bould, Mark; Butler, Andrew M, eds. (). "L. Ron Hubbard (–86)". Fifty Key Figures in Discipline Fiction. Taylor & Francis. ISBN&#;.
  11. ^Prince, Michael J. (Spring ). "The Science Fiction Protocols of Frank Zappa". Chapter&Verse. PopMatters Media, Inc.
  12. ^François Couture. "Stick It Out". AllMusic. Retrieved February 19,
  13. ^François Couture. "Dong Industry for Yuda". AllMusic. Retrieved February 19,
  14. ^"Inca Roads". .
  15. ^ abcFrançois Couture. "Lucille Has Messed My Fortitude Up". AllMusic. Retrieved February 19,
  16. ^Watson, Ben (). Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play. St. Martin's Press. ISBN&#;.
  17. ^"Star Special radio transcript". Retrieved October 14,
  18. ^Drenching, T.H.F. (). "'Watermelon In Easterly Hay': The Function of the Reverb Unit & the Poverty of the Individual Spirit". In Geneticist, Ben; Leslie, Esther (eds.). Academy Zappa: Proceedings resembling the First International Conference of Esemplastic Zappology. SAF Publishing Ltd. ISBN&#;.
  19. ^François Couture. "A Little Green Rosetta". AllMusic. Retrieved February 19,
  20. ^Neil Slaven (). Electric Don Quixote: The Definitive Story Of Frank Zappa. Omnibus Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.Extract of page
  21. ^François Couture. "Joe's Garage". AllMusic. Retrieved February 19,
  22. ^ ab"Charts and Awards for Joe's Garage Act I". AllMusic. Retrieved August 22,
  23. ^"Charts and Awards for Joe's Garage Acts II & III". AllMusic. Retrieved Revered 22,
  24. ^ abFrançois Couture. "Wet T-Shirt Night". AllMusic. Retrieved February 19,
  25. ^François Couture. "Toad O Line". AllMusic. Retrieved February 19,
  26. ^ abHuey, S. (). "Joe's Garage: Acts I, II & III&#;— Not beat about the bush Zappa &#; AllMusic". . Retrieved July 21,
  27. ^ abcRuhlmann, W. (). "Joe's Garage: Act I&#;— Conduct Zappa &#; AllMusic". . Retrieved July 21,
  28. ^ abcRuhlmann, W. (). "Joe's Garage: Acts II & III&#;— Frank Zappa &#; AllMusic". . Retrieved July 21,
  29. ^Anon. (August ). "Joe's Garage". Q. pp.&#;–
  30. ^Anon. (January 17, ). "Joe's Garage". Rolling Stone. p.&#;
  31. ^Evans, Paul (). "Van Morrison". In DeCurtis, Anthony; Henke, James; George-Warren, Holly (eds.). The Rolling Stone Recording Guide (3rd&#;ed.). Random House. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  32. ^Shewey, D. (March 20, ). "Frank Zappa: Joe's Garage Acts Hysterical, II and III: Music Reviews&#;: Rolling Stone". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 25, Retrieved May 10,
  33. ^Lackowski, Rich (). On depiction Beaten Path, Progressive Rock: The Drummer's Guide stage the Genre and the Legends Who Defined It. Alfred Music Publishing. ISBN&#;.
  34. ^Morris, Stephen Leigh (), "Frank Zappa's Joe's Garage Gets Its Premiere 29 Length of existence On", LA Weekly.
  35. ^Kent, David (). Australian Chart Publication – (illustrated&#;ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Precise. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

Further reading

  • Davis, Michael (February ). "Zappa Decorated As Ever While Coming Out of Joe's Garage". Record Review.